After studies at the Institut d’Etudes des Relations Internationales (ILERI), Paris and Le Havre University, Emmanuel started his career at the Monnaie de Paris in 1994, working first in its International Department and Sales Management Division, and then moving to Ottawa, Canada as its official representative, in search of new opportunities on the Canadian and U.S. markets.

In 1997, Emmanuel returned to France to serve as Deputy Business Manager at the Banque de France, where he took responsibility for the marketing of the products and services of its Chamalières printing works, overseeing high-level relationships with central bank clients and actively contributing to European Central Bank (ECB) working groups.

In his current position as Commercial Director for the Banque de France’s Directorate General Banknote Manufacturing, Emmanuel covers a range of additional roles including managing relationships between the Banque de France and ECB, designing commercial, marketing and R&D policy, contract negotiation, and implementing bilateral cooperation policies with clients. Since 2006, Emmanuel is also a member of the Banque de France’s Executive Committee.

Mónica Fernandes joined Banco de Portugal in 2000 to monitor the quality of the euro banknotes produced for Banco de Portugal and was appointed Head of the Quality and Counterfeit Analysis Division of the Issue and Treasury Department in 2017.

The Division oversees the monitoring and acceptance of euro banknote production for Banco de Portugal, conducts quality control of banknote sorting, analyses counterfeit euro banknotes and coins, performs IBNS testing, develops training materials, and conducts studies on euro banknotes and coins.

Additionally, she represents Banco de Portugal on Eurosystem working groups focused on euro banknote production and quality.

Bernd holds a degree in Business Studies and International Trade from the University of Reutlingen and has over 20 years' working experience in international banknote and government business at Giesecke+Devrient in Munich, Germany.

Originally from a sales background, Bernd has been a member of G+D’s global management team for the past 12 years in various positions, amongst others heading the Government Solutions Business and the Operations of the Banknote Business.

As a member of the Board of G+D Currency Technology, Bernd has been heading G+D’s paper, printing and security solutions business since 2017.

Lior joined the Bank of Israel in 1995 and brings 25 years of varied central banking experience. During his first 12 years at the Bank, Lior served as an Economist in the Banking Supervision Department, performing various roles towards the public and Israeli commercial banking system.

In November 2007, he took over the issuance of banknotes, coins and commemorative coins. In this role, he headed Israel’s New Series of Banknotes project and was responsible for the budget, planning, design, security concept, selection of suppliers, materials and security features, printing, and all other production steps, as well as legal aspects, logistics, launch and information campaigns. During this project, Lior acquired extensive expertise in banknote printing, including all related technical aspects and intricacies. The successful launch of all four denominations (NIS20, NIS50, NIS100 and NIS200) was completed in late 2017. The banknotes were internationally recognised and rewarded for high standards of security, innovation and accessibility.

Lior is a member of the management team of the Currency Department and also has responsibility for R&D of new products, and for maintaining and establishing both domestic and international relationships with state institutions, police and law enforcement authorities, suppliers, and other central banks.

Lior completed his academic studies in Israel, graduating with honours. He holds a first and second degree in Business Administration.

Mark has dedicated nearly 3 decades to De Nederlandsche Bank's Cash Policy Department, gathering profound knowledge and comprehensive skills in virtually all aspects in the field of cash.

Besides cash policy, his expertise spans cash design and development, production and quality management, logistics, counterfeit prevention, technical R&D, and sustainability in both product and process. Mark has actively contributed to numerous committees and expert groups at the ECB.